Data and Code for "Immigration and Entrepreneurship in the US"

Principal Investigator(s):  View help for Principal Investigator(s) Pierre Azoulay, MIT; Benjamin Jones, Northwestern University; J. Daniel Kim, University of Pennsylvania. The Wharton School; Javier Miranda, Halle Institute for Economic Research and Jena University

Version:  View help for Version V1

Name File Type Size Last Modified
  Fortune500-replication 04/01/2021 05:15:PM
  SBO-code 03/19/2021 09:57:AM
  W2-Code 04/02/2021 06:21:PM
ReadMe_AJKM_replication_files.txt text/plain 4.3 KB 04/02/2021 02:21:PM
data_dictionary.xlsx application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet 14.3 KB 03/19/2021 05:57:AM

Project Citation: 

Azoulay, Pierre, Jones, Benjamin, Kim, J. Daniel, and Miranda, Javier. Data and Code for “Immigration and Entrepreneurship in the US.” Nashville, TN: American Economic Association [publisher], 2022. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2022-02-22. https://doi.org/10.3886/E134622V1

Project Description

Summary:  View help for Summary Immigrants can expand labor supply and compete for jobs with native-born workers. But immigrants may also start new firms, expanding labor demand. This paper uses U.S. administrative data and other data sources to study the role of immigrants in entrepreneurship. We ask how often immigrants start companies, how many jobs these firms create, and how firms founded by native-born individuals compare. A simple model provides a measurement framework for addressing the dual roles of immigrants as founders and workers. The findings suggest that immigrants act more as "job creators'' than "job takers'' and play outsized roles in U.S. high-growth entrepreneurship.

Scope of Project

Subject Terms:  View help for Subject Terms entrepreneurship; immigration; job creation
JEL Classification:  View help for JEL Classification
      J61 Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
      L26 Entrepreneurship
Geographic Coverage:  View help for Geographic Coverage US
Time Period(s):  View help for Time Period(s) 2005 – 2010; 2012 – 2012; 2017 – 2017
Universe:  View help for Universe All startups with employees in the U.S. from Census Bureau administrative records.
Representative sample of business from the Survey of Business Owners.
2017 Fortune 500 companies.
Data Type(s):  View help for Data Type(s) administrative records data; observational data; survey data
Collection Notes:  View help for Collection Notes Except for the Fortune 500 data provided in this repository, the data used in this paper are confidential and can be accessed by approved projects through the Federal Statistical Research Data Centers.

Methodology

Data Source:  View help for Data Source Fortune 500 Ranking, 2017 Edition (uses 2016 information)
Longitudinal Business Database, US Bureau of the Census
Survey of Business Owners, Bureau of the Census

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Published Versions

V1 [2022-02-22]

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