Project Citation: 

Koch, James, and Swinton, Omari . Code for: Colleges and Upward Economic Mobility The Distinctive Contribution of HBCUs. Nashville, TN: American Economic Association [publisher], 2023. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2023-10-05. https://doi.org/10.3886/E184823V1

Project Description

Summary:  View help for Summary Colleges and Upward Economic Mobility: The Distinctive Contribution of HBCUs

We use panel data for more than 500 four-year colleges and universities to estimate each institution’s ability to provide its former students with upward economic mobility.  We find that Historically Black Colleges and Universities excel in this regard, followed by large urban public campuses. We control for approximately 20 possible influences on economic mobility, including institutional SAT scores and family incomes.  

Scope of Project

Subject Terms:  View help for Subject Terms Colleges; Economic Mobility; HBCUs
JEL Classification:  View help for JEL Classification
      D11 Consumer Economics: Theory
      D12 Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
Geographic Coverage:  View help for Geographic Coverage United States
Time Period(s):  View help for Time Period(s) 2004 – 2016 (2004 to 2016)

Methodology

Sampling:  View help for Sampling 506 four-year colleges and universities in the U.S.
Data Source:  View help for Data Source Our README provides additional detail. 

Our student characteristics:

FRESHMAN SAT EXAMINATION MEAN SCORE (000s) Source: USDOE, College Scorecard, https://collegescorecard.ed.gov.  
U.S. NEWS AND WORLD REPORT
TOP 50 DUMMY Source: U.S. News and World Report, Best Colleges, https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges
 
PERCENT OF UNDERGRADUATES WOMEN    Source: USDOE, College Scorecard, https://collegescorecard.ed.gov.  
PERCENT OF UNDERGRADUATES PART-TIME   Source: USDOE, College Scorecard, https://collegescorecard.ed.gov.  
PERCENT OF GRADUATES 25+ YEARS OR OLDER Source: USDOE, College Scorecard, https://collegescorecard.ed.gov.  

Our family characteristic:

MEDIAN HOUSEHOLD INCOME OF UNDERGRADUATES Source: USDOE, College Scorecard, https://collegescorecard.ed.gov.   

Our campus characteristics:

SIZE MEASURED BY FISCAL YEAR FTE STUDENTS (000s) Source: USDOE, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds  
PRIVATE INSTITUTION DUMMY Source: USDOE, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds  
RELIGIOUS INSTITUTION DUMMY Source: USDOE, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds  
PUBLIC INSTITUTION DUMMY Source: USDOE, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds  
PUBLIC FLAGSHIP INSTITUTION DUMMY Source: USOE, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds  
METRO LEADER INSTITUTION DUMMY   Source: Author classification.  
HISTORICALLY BLACK COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY (HBCU) DUMMY  Source: USDOE, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds  
PUBLIC REGIONAL INSTITUTION (NOT AN HBCU) DUMMY Source: USDOE, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds  
AVERAGE ANNUAL FACULTY SALARY (000s) Source: USDOE, College Scorecard, https://collegescorecard.ed.gov.  
PERCENT MAJOR EXPENDITURES ON INSTRUCTION  Source: USDOE, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds   PERCENT MAJOR EXPENDITURES ON RESEARCH    Source: USDOE, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds   PERCENT MAJOR EXPENDITURES ON STUDENT SERVICES    Source: USDOE, IPEDS (Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System), https://nces.ed.gov/ipeds   
EXPENDITURES PER FTE STUDENT ON INTERCOLLEGIATE ATHLETICS (000s) Source: USDOE, Equity in Athletics, https://ope.ed/gov/athletics/#/  

Our external characteristics:

LOCATED IN ONE OF THE 1ST TO 25TH LARGEST METRO AREAS DUMMY  Source: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (FRED), https://fred.stlouisfred.org   LOCATED IN ONE OF THE 26TH TO 50TH LARGEST METRO AREAS DUMMY    Source: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (FRED), https://fred.stlouisfred.org  
Collection Mode(s):  View help for Collection Mode(s) other
Scales:  View help for Scales None
Weights:  View help for Weights None
Unit(s) of Observation:  View help for Unit(s) of Observation Individual four-year, not-for-profit colleges and universities
Geographic Unit:  View help for Geographic Unit United States

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