PLURAL - Place-level urban-rural indices for the United States from 1930 to 2018

Principal Investigator(s):  View help for Principal Investigator(s) Johannes H. Uhl, University of Colorado-Boulder; Lori M. Hunter, University of Colorado-Boulder; Stefan Leyk, University of Colorado-Boulder; Dylan S. Connor, Arizona State University; Jeremiah J. Nieves, University of Liverpool; Cyrus Hester, University of Colorado-Boulder; Catherine B. Talbot, University of Colorado-Boulder; Myron P. Gutmann, University of Colorado-Boulder

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Project Citation: 

Uhl, Johannes H., Hunter, Lori M., Leyk, Stefan, Connor, Dylan S., Nieves, Jeremiah J., Hester, Cyrus, … Gutmann, Myron P. PLURAL - Place-level urban-rural indices for the United States from 1930 to 2018. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2022-02-18. https://doi.org/10.3886/E162941V1

Project Description

Summary:  View help for Summary Rural-urban classifications are essential for analyzing geographic, demographic, environmental, and social processes across the rural-urban continuum. Most existing classifications are, however, only available at relatively aggregated spatial scales, such as at the county scale in the United States. The absence of rurality or urbanness measures at high spatial resolution poses significant problems when the process of interest is highly localized, as with the incorporation of rural towns and villages into encroaching metropolitan areas. Moreover, existing rural-urban classifications are often inconsistent over time, or require complex, multi-source input data (e.g., remote sensing observations or road network data), thus, prohibiting the longitudinal analysis of rural-urban dynamics. We developed a set of distance- and spatial-network-based methods for consistently estimating the remoteness and rurality of places at fine spatial resolution, over long periods of time. Based on these methods, we constructed indices of urbanness for 30,000 places in the United States from 1930 to 2018. We call these indices the place-level urban-rural index (PLURAL), enabling long-term, fine-grained analyses of urban and rural change in the United States.
Funding Sources:  View help for Funding Sources United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (2P2CHD066613-06); United States Department of Health and Human Services. National Institutes of Health. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R21HD098717-01A1)

Scope of Project

Subject Terms:  View help for Subject Terms rural population; rural-urban classification; rural-urban continuum
Geographic Coverage:  View help for Geographic Coverage Conterminous United States of America
Time Period(s):  View help for Time Period(s) 1930 – 2018
Universe:  View help for Universe Population of the conterminous United States living in census-designated and incorporated places

Methodology

Collection Mode(s):  View help for Collection Mode(s) other; web scraping
Geographic Unit:  View help for Geographic Unit Census place

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V1 [2022-02-18]

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