Data and Code for: Do Immigration Raids Deter Head Start Enrollment?

Principal Investigator(s): View help for Principal Investigator(s) Robert Santillano, University of California-Los Angeles; Stephanie Potochnick, University of North Carolina-Charlotte; Jade Jenkins, University of California-Irvine

Version: View help for Version V1

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Project Citation:

Santillano, Robert, Potochnick, Stephanie, and Jenkins, Jade. Data and Code for: Do Immigration Raids Deter Head Start Enrollment? Nashville, TN: American Economic Association [publisher], 2020. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2020-09-10. https://doi.org/10.3886/E120804V1

Project Description

Summary: We study whether raids lead to a decrease in Hispanic Head Start enrollment. Specifically, using a nationwide dataset of immigration raids from 2006 through 2008, a period of intensified interior enforcement in the U.S., we provide the first large-scale evidence of the causal impact of local raids on a community. After applying a flexible matching strategy across counties with differential exposure to raids to create analysis samples, we employ a triple-difference strategy to disentangle enrollment changes from leaving a community (mobility effect) versus disengagement from services (deterrence effect). We find robust evidence that immigration raids decrease Hispanic enrollment in Head Start by 10 percent. Further, by comparing this effect to Hispanic students enrolled in first grade, we find evidence that the decrease in Head Start enrollment is driven by a deterrence effect. In other words, after a raid occurs locally, our findings suggest that families are staying in their communities but not enrolling their children in Head Start.

Scope of Project

Subject Terms: immigration policy; early childhood education; Head Start

JEL Classification:
      H75 State and Local Government: Health; Education; Welfare; Public Pensions
      I21 Analysis of Education
      I28 Education: Government Policy
      J15 Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
      J18 Demographic Economics: Public Policy

Geographic Coverage: United States

Time Period(s): 2003 – 2008

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Published Versions

V1 [2020-09-10]

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