A newer version of this project is available. See below for other available versions.

Pre-treatment direct costs for people with tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in different healthcare settings in Bandung, Indonesia

Principal Investigator(s):  View help for Principal Investigator(s) Bony Wiem Lestari, Tuberculosis Working Group, Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Disease Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Eka Saptiningrum, Tuberculosis Working Group, Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Disease Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Lavanya Huria, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Auliya Ramanda Fikri, Tuberculosis Working Group, Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Disease Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; Benjamin Daniels, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Nathaly Aguilera Vasquez, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Angelina Sassi, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Jishnu Das, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Charity Oga-Omenka, McGill International TB Center, Montreal, Canada; Susan M. McAllister, Centre for International Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Madhukar Pai, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Bachti Alisjahbana, Tuberculosis Working Group, Research Center for Care and Control of Infectious Disease Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia

Version:  View help for Version V1

Name File Type Size Last Modified
Data - Pre-treatment tuberculosis costs during the COVID-19 pandemic.sav application/x-spss-sav 68.7 KB 08/04/2024 11:58:PM

Project Citation: 

Lestari, Bony Wiem, Saptiningrum, Eka , Huria, Lavanya, Fikri, Auliya Ramanda, Daniels, Benjamin, Vasquez, Nathaly Aguilera , … Alisjahbana, Bachti. Pre-treatment direct costs for people with tuberculosis during the COVID-19 pandemic in different healthcare settings in Bandung, Indonesia. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2024-08-05. https://doi.org/10.3886/E208321V1

Project Description

Summary:  View help for Summary The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) have significantly disrupted routine healthcare services, particularly in high TB burden countries. Despite initial expectations that the private health sector would lead in addressing TB, preliminary data suggests that the sector has shrunk or collapsed in many areas. Private facilities struggled to stay open during PSBB, and providers were reluctant to treat people with respiratory symptoms. Private healthcare costs have soared, especially for hospitalizations. Through this project, we were able to measure pre-treatment costs and factors associated with those costs from the perspective of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bandung, Indonesia. It was found that the median total pre-treatment cost was $35.45 with the highest median cost experienced by participants from private hospitals. The rapid antigen and PCR for SARS-CoV-2 emerged as additional medical costs among 26% of participants recruited in private hospitals. Several factors are associated with higher pre-treatment costs including visiting more than 6 providers before diagnosis, presenting first at a private hospital and private practitioners, and being diagnosed in the private health sector. During the COVID-19 pandemic, people with TB faced significant out-of-pocket costs for diagnosis and treatment, highlighting the importance of early detection and identification in reducing pre-diagnostic TB costs.
Funding Sources:  View help for Funding Sources Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (INV-022420)

Scope of Project

Subject Terms:  View help for Subject Terms tuberculosis; cost; COVID-19; pandemic
Geographic Coverage:  View help for Geographic Coverage Bandung, Indonesia
Time Period(s):  View help for Time Period(s) 2021 – 2022
Collection Date(s):  View help for Collection Date(s) 7/2021 – 2/2022
Data Type(s):  View help for Data Type(s) observational data; survey data


Related Publications

Request Information

This material is sensitive in nature and is available as restricted data through ICPSR. Users are required to apply for access, will be required to pay a fee, and will experience a wait time before access is given. The material will be distributed exactly as it arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR does not check or process the material.

Published Versions

V2 [2024-08-05]

V1 [2024-08-05]

Export Metadata

Dublin Core

DDI 2.5

Report a Problem

Found a serious problem with the data, such as disclosure risk or copyrighted content? Let us know.

This material is distributed exactly as it arrived from the data depositor. ICPSR has not checked or processed this material. Users should consult the investigator(s) if further information is desired.