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ECIN Replication Package for "Measurement Errors in Popular Night Lights Data May Bias Estimated Impacts of Economic Sanctions: Evidence from Closing the Kaesong Industrial Zone"

Name: ECIN Replication Package for "Measurement Errors in Popular Night Lights Data May Bias Estimated Impacts of Economic Sanctions: Evidence from Closing the Kaesong Industrial Zone"
Published: 2023-06-27
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Principal Investigator(s): View help for Principal Investigator(s) John Gibson, University of Waikato; Bonggeun Kim, Seoul National University; Geua Boe-Gibson, University of Waikato

Version: View help for Version V1

Name	File Type	Size	Last Modified
ECIN_Apr_2023_0158_databank.dta	application/x-stata-dta	121.4 KB	06/27/2023 06:37:AM
ECIN_Apr_2023_0158_replicating.do	text/plain	8.7 KB	06/27/2023 06:35:AM

Project Citation:

Gibson, John, Kim, Bonggeun, and Boe-Gibson, Geua. ECIN Replication Package for “Measurement Errors in Popular Night Lights Data May Bias Estimated Impacts of Economic Sanctions: Evidence from Closing the Kaesong Industrial Zone.” Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2023-06-27. https://doi.org/10.3886/E192371V1

Project Description

Summary: This project evaluates economic impacts of the closure of the Kaesong Industrial Zone in North Korea in February 2016. This industrial zone employed over 50,000 North Korean workers in factories owned by South Korean companies, and all operations were stopped to sanction North Korea for nuclear tests. We use DMSP and VIIRS night lights data in a difference-in-difference framework, based on 2012-19 annual composites and using zonal statistics for the sum of lights mostly at the second sub-national level (n=186 spatial units) but also at the first sub-national level (13 provinces or centrally controlled municipalities). The measurement error properties of the DMSP data are also examined by comparison with the more accurate VIIRS data.

Funding Sources: Marsden Fund (UOW1901)

Scope of Project

Subject Terms: mean-reverting error; DMSP; VIIRS; night lights; sanctions; North Korea

JEL Classification:
      C80 Data Collection and Data Estimation Methodology; Computer Programs: General
      F51 International Conflicts; Negotiations; Sanctions
      O11 Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development

Manuscript Number: ECIN-Apr-2023-0158

Geographic Coverage: North Korea

Time Period(s): 2012 – 2019

Collection Date(s): 2022 – 2022 (Night lights data were downloaded in 2022)

Universe: All second level and first-level sub-national units in North Korea

Data Type(s): aggregate data; geographic information system (GIS) data

Collection Notes: The DMSP data are available from: https://eogdata.mines.edu/products/dmsp/#download and the VIIRS data from https://eogdata.mines.edu/nighttime_light/annual/v21/. The DMSP data are from satellite F18 for 2012-13 and from F15 from 2014 onwards. The VIIRS data are the masked average radiance annual composites.

Methodology

Data Source: The data are remote sensing observations, from two different satellite platforms providing night lights data: DMSP and VIIRS. The DMSP data are available from: https://eogdata.mines.edu/products/dmsp/#download and the VIIRS data from https://eogdata.mines.edu/nighttime_light/annual/v21/. The data are processed using ArcGIS zonal statistics, to create sum of lights variables for each county or district in North Korea in each year (or for each province or municipality in each year). The statistical analysis is conducted in STATA version 16.

Collection Mode(s): remote sensing

Unit(s) of Observation: Counties, districts, provinces and municipalities

Geographic Unit: GADM36_PRK_2

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Published Versions

V3 [2023-09-11]

V2 [2023-09-11]

V1 [2023-06-27]

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