ECIN Replication Package for "Minimum Eligibility Age for Social Pensions and Household Poverty: Evidence from Mexico"

Principal Investigator(s): View help for Principal Investigator(s) Oscar Galvez-Soriano, University of Houston; David Escamilla-Guerrero, University of St Andrews; Clemente Avila-Parra, World Bank

Version: View help for Version V2

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Data			06/29/2023 12:06:AM
Programs			06/29/2023 03:39:PM
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Project Citation:

Galvez-Soriano, Oscar, Escamilla-Guerrero, David, and Avila-Parra, Clemente. ECIN Replication Package for “Minimum Eligibility Age for Social Pensions and Household Poverty: Evidence from Mexico.” Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2023-06-29. https://doi.org/10.3886/E191841V2

Project Description

Summary: This paper examines the impact of social pensions on old-age poverty. To achieve causal identification, we leverage the reduction in the minimum eligibility age of Mexico's flagship non-means-tested social pension program. We find that the program's expansion significantly reduced extreme poverty, mainly among indigenous seniors and in rural areas. However, it had negligible effects on labor force participation, suggesting that social pensions were not effective in ensuring minimum economic well-being and simultaneously inducing retirement among seniors at early stages of old age. The program's small cash transfer and mistargeting are among the main explanations.

Scope of Project

Subject Terms: Development Economics; Social Pensions; Cash Transfers; Poverty; Elderly; Labor Force Participation; Indigenous People; Women

JEL Classification:
      H55 Social Security and Public Pensions
      I38 Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
      J14 Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-labor Market Discrimination

Manuscript Number: ECIN-Apr-2022-0161.R2

Geographic Coverage: Mexico

Time Period(s): 2008 – 2014

Collection Date(s): 8/2008 – 11/2008; 8/2010 – 11/2010; 8/2012 – 11/2012; 8/2014 – 11/2014

Universe: Mexican elderly aged 61-64 (control group) and 66-69 (treatment group) who do not have access to social security.

Data Type(s): survey data

Methodology

Response Rate: The ENIGH survey is designed such that it is nationally representative even after considering a response rate of 85% or less.

Sampling: The probability sample selected to represent the universe varies by round, ranging between 10,000 and 35,000 households approximately.

Data Source:

The data we use in this paper is publicly available on the Mexico's National Institute of Statistics and Geography website. We use the Mexico's National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGH), for the rounds 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014, which are the comparable years under the ENIGH's "New Construction" data set. You can download the raw microdata from the following links:

ENIGH 2008: http://en.www.inegi.org.mx/programas/enigh/nc/2008/

ENIGH 2010: http://en.www.inegi.org.mx/programas/enigh/nc/2010/

ENIGH 2012: http://en.www.inegi.org.mx/programas/enigh/nc/2012/

ENIGH 2014: http://en.www.inegi.org.mx/programas/enigh/nc/2014/

Collection Mode(s): paper and pencil interview (PAPI)

Weights: A weight variable named "factor" has been included and must be used in any analysis.

Unit(s) of Observation: Individuals, Household

Geographic Unit: Municipality

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Published Versions

V2 [2023-06-29]

V1 [2023-05-26]

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