Data and Code for: Heroes and Villains: The Effects of Heroism on Autocratic Values and Nazi Collaboration in France

Principal Investigator(s): View help for Principal Investigator(s) Julia Cage, Sciences-Po; Anna Dagorret, Stanford Graduate School of Business; Pauline Grosjean, University of New South Wales; Saumitra Jha, Stanford Graduate School of Business

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Data and Code for: Heroes and Villains: The Effects of Heroism on Autocratic Values and Nazi Collaboration in France		0

Project Citation:

Cage, Julia, Dagorret, Anna, Grosjean, Pauline, and Jha, Saumitra. Data and Code for: Heroes and Villains: The Effects of Heroism on Autocratic Values and Nazi Collaboration in France. Nashville, TN: American Economic Association [publisher], 2023. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2023-09-05. https://doi.org/10.3886/E182706V1

Project Description

Summary: We measure how a network of heroes can legitimize and diffuse extreme political behaviors. We exploit newly-declassified intelligence files, novel voting data and regimental histories to show that home municipalities of French line regiments arbitrarily rotated under Philippe Pétain's generalship through the heroic WWI battlefield of Verdun diverge politically thereafter, particularly following Pétain's own overt espousal of authoritarian views. Further, under Pétain's collaborationist Vichy regime (1940-44), they raise 7% more active Nazi collaborators per capita. These effects extend across all forms of Nazi collaboration and diffuse beyond the veterans themselves.

Scope of Project

Subject Terms: [Democratic Values; Nazi; Collaboration; Voting; , Identity; France; Polarization; Conflict; War; ]

JEL Classification:
      D74 Conflict; Conflict Resolution; Alliances; Revolutions
      L14 Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation; Networks
      N44 Economic History: Government, War, Law, International Relations, and Regulation: Europe: 1913-

Geographic Coverage: France

Universe: communes (municipalities) of 1914 France

Data Type(s): administrative records data; aggregate data; census/enumeration data; geographic information system (GIS) data; other

Collection Notes: These data were hand-collected by the authors from original archival sources. Please see the Online Appendix for Cage, Dagorret, Grosjean and Jha ``Heroes and Villains", American Economic Review, for details. Please cite this work when using these data.

Methodology

Response Rate: N/A

Sampling: N/A

Data Source: See Online Appendix for Cage, Dagorret, Grosjean and Jha ``Heroes and Villains" for details.

Collection Mode(s): other

Unit(s) of Observation: commune of 1914 France

Geographic Unit: commune of 1914 France

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V1 [2023-09-05]

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